What you'll learn
- OWASP Top 10 at a glance
- Fixing injection the right way
- Secure SDLC
- Supply chain
Lessons
1OWASP Top 10 at a glance
- Broken Access Control (most common).
- Cryptographic Failures.
- Injection (SQL, OS command, LDAP).
- Insecure Design.
- Security Misconfiguration.
- Vulnerable & Outdated Components.
- Identification & Authentication Failures.
- Software & Data Integrity Failures.
- Logging & Monitoring Failures.
- SSRF.
2Fixing injection the right way
Use parameterized queries, never string concatenation.
// vulnerable
db.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=" + req.query.id)
// safe
db.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?", [req.query.id])Add allow-list validation and least-privilege DB accounts as further layers.
3Secure SDLC
Threat model in design (STRIDE), SAST in pull requests, SCA for dependencies, secrets scanning, DAST against staging, and a security sign-off before release. Track findings like bugs with SLAs.
4Supply chain
Pin dependencies, verify signatures (Sigstore), generate SBOMs (CycloneDX/SPDX), and watch for typosquatted packages and malicious repos. Embedded libraries such as FFmpeg inside containers and wheels need patching too, not just system packages.
Hands-on lab: Practice on OWASP Juice Shop (local)
- Run
docker run -p 3000:3000 bkimminich/juice-shopon your own machine. - Open http://localhost:3000 and find the Score Board.
- Complete 3 one-star challenges and note the OWASP category of each.
- For each, write the code-level fix a developer should make.
- Run
npm auditon a project of yours and triage the top finding.
Outcome: Hands-on recognition of OWASP categories and their fixes, in an intentionally vulnerable app built for training.
Practice questions
Primary defense against SQL injection?
Answer: Parameterized queries. Parameters separate code from data.
Which OWASP category is most prevalent in the 2021 list?
Answer: Broken Access Control. Broken Access Control ranked #1.
SCA tools analyze…
Answer: Third-party dependencies. Software Composition Analysis checks components.
The full graded assessment (5 questions, pass mark 70%) is in the platform.
Key terms
- SQL injection
- Untrusted input changing the structure of a database query. Fix with parameterized queries.
- XSS
- Cross-site scripting: injecting script into pages viewed by others. Fix with output encoding and CSP.
- CSRF
- Tricking a logged-in browser into sending unwanted requests. Fix with anti-CSRF tokens and SameSite cookies.
- SSRF
- Making a server send requests to unintended destinations, often internal services.
- IDOR
- Insecure Direct Object Reference: accessing others' data by changing an identifier.
- CSP
- Content Security Policy header restricting where scripts and resources load from.
- SAST
- Static Application Security Testing: analyzes source code without running it.
- DAST
- Dynamic testing of a running application from the outside.
- SCA
- Software Composition Analysis: finds vulnerable third-party components.
- SBOM
- Software Bill of Materials listing every component in a product.
See the full cyber security glossary →
Official references
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